Epidaurus Greece: Travel Guide

History of the Ancient Theatre of Epidaurus

The ancient theatre of Epidaurus, built in the 4th century BC, is one of the best-preserved ancient Greek theatres. Designed by Polykleitos the Younger, it was used for religious ceremonies and performances in honor of the god Asclepius.

Architectural and Acoustic Features

The theatre holds about 12,000 spectators and is renowned for its exceptional acoustics. The acoustic properties allow all spectators to hear performances clearly, regardless of their seating position.

Historical Significance

The theatre was part of the sanctuary of Asclepius, which included other structures such as the temple of Asclepius and a medical center. The sanctuary was an important healing center and pilgrimage site in ancient Greece.

 

Modern Use

Today, the Epidaurus theatre is used for ancient drama performances during the Athens and Epidaurus Festival. These performances attract visitors from around the world, keeping the tradition of ancient Greek theatre alive.

Visitor Information

The theatre is located in the region of Argolis, about 140 kilometers from Athens. A visit to the theatre can be combined with other sites such as Nafplio and Mycenae. The entrance fee is approximately €12, and visitors are recommended to read about the theatre’s history before their visit to enhance their experience.

 

Archaeological Site of Epidaurus

The archaeological site of Epidaurus, located on the northeastern side of the Peloponnese, is one of Greece’s most significant ancient sites. Epidaurus was renowned in antiquity for the Asklepieion, a healing center where patients came to be healed by the god Apollo.

Historical Significance

Epidaurus was famous as the birthplace of Asclepius, the son of Apollo and god of medicine. The sanctuary and healing center attracted patients from all over Greece and Asia. Patients would sleep in a large hall (enkimeterio) where Apollo appeared in their dreams to heal them.

Major Monuments

• Ancient Theatre of Epidaurus: Designed by Polykleitos the Younger in the 4th century BC, it is known for its exceptional acoustics and can host about 15,000 spectators.
• Stadium of Epidaurus: Used for athletic games and festivals in honor of Apollo and Asclepius.
• Asklepieion: The healing center where medical treatments and ceremonies took place.

Modern Use

Today, the archaeological site of Epidaurus is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and attracts millions of visitors each year. The Ancient Theatre is still used for performances of ancient drama during the Athens and Epidaurus Festival.

Practical Information

The site is about 140 kilometers from Athens and can be visited along with other nearby attractions such as Nafplio and Mycenae. The entrance fee is approximately €12, which includes access to the theatre and the museum. It is recommended to visit early in the morning or late in the afternoon to avoid crowds and heat.

Theatrical Performances at Epidaurus

The theatrical performances at the ancient theatre of Epidaurus are a top cultural experience. Known for its exceptional acoustics, the theatre hosts ancient drama performances during the Athens and Epidaurus Festival each summer.

Historical Background

Built in the 4th century BC, the ancient theatre of Epidaurus is one of the best-preserved ancient Greek theatres. Designed by architect Polykleitos the Younger, it was used for religious ceremonies and performances in honor of the god Asclepius.

Modern Performances

During the Athens and Epidaurus Festival, theatre groups from Greece and abroad present works by Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, and Aristophanes. The performances attract visitors from around the world, who come to enjoy ancient Greek drama in an authentic setting.

Visitor Experiences

Visitors often mention that watching a performance at the Epidaurus theatre is a unique experience due to the atmosphere and acoustics of the theatre. Many recommend arriving early to secure good seats and enjoy the sunset before the performance begins.

Directions and Tickets

The Epidaurus theatre is about 140 kilometers from Athens and can be reached by car or bus. The journey takes about two hours. Tickets for performances cost approximately €25-50, depending on the seat and the performance.

How to Get to Epidaurus from Athens

Epidaurus, one of Greece’s most important archaeological sites, is located about 140 kilometers from Athens. There are several ways to get there:

By Car

The most comfortable way to Get to Epidaurus is to rent a car. The journey takes about two hours via the Athens-Corinth National Highway and the road to Epidaurus. You will pass the Corinth Canal, offering an opportunity for a brief stop and photos.

By Bus

There are buses from the KTEL Kifissou station in Athens to Epidaurus. The trip takes approximately 2.5 hours and the ticket costs around €15. It is recommended to check the schedules and book tickets in advance, especially during the summer season.

Organized Tours

Another option is to book an organized tour that includes transportation, a guided tour of the archaeological site, and possible visits to other nearby destinations such as Nafplio or Mycenae. The cost for these tours usually ranges from €50 to €100 per person, depending on the package and amenities.

 

Events and Festivals in Epidaurus

Epidaurus hosts some of the most significant cultural festivals in Greece, with the Athens and Epidaurus Festival being the highlight. This festival takes place every summer and includes theatrical performances, opera, classical music, and dance at various locations, such as the Ancient Theatre of Epidaurus and the Odeon of Herodes Atticus in Athens.

Athens and Epidaurus Festival

The Athens and Epidaurus Festival began in 1955 and is one of the oldest and most renowned performing arts festivals in Europe. Every summer, from late May to mid-August, it features top artists from around the world. Notable past participants include Luciano Pavarotti and Kevin Spacey.

Programs and Performances

The festival’s performances include ancient Greek drama by authors such as Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides, along with contemporary productions and experimental works. The program also features classical music concerts and dance performances.

Directions and Tickets

The Ancient Theatre of Epidaurus is about 140 kilometers from Athens and can be reached by car or bus. The journey takes about two hours. Tickets for performances range from €20 to €80, depending on the seat and the performance. It is recommended to book in advance, especially for popular shows.

Reviews and Experiences

Visitors report that watching a performance at the ancient theatre is a unique experience due to its excellent acoustics and enchanting atmosphere. Many recommend arriving early to secure good seats and enjoy the sunset before the performance begins.

 

Hotels Near Epidaurus

Epidaurus offers a variety of hotels to meet the needs of every visitor. Here are some of the best hotels in the area, based on reviews and ratings from guests.

AKRON Luxury Holidays

Located in Ancient Epidaurus, AKRON Luxury Holidays offers luxurious accommodations with panoramic views of the sea and town. The hotel features a restaurant and bar. Guests have praised the location, the size of the beds, and the wonderful views from the balconies.

Hotel Mike

Hotel Mike offers accommodations right on the beachfront, with a shared lounge, restaurant, and bar. Guests appreciate the harbor views, good breakfast, and clean rooms.

Saronis Hotel

Saronis Hotel is located 8 kilometers from the Ancient Theatre of Epidaurus and 1 kilometer from Yialatsi Beach. The air-conditioned rooms offer free Wi-Fi. Guests enjoy the buffet breakfast and the friendly service from the staff.

Verdelis Inn

Located near the port of Palaia Epidavros, Verdelis Inn offers air-conditioned rooms with free Wi-Fi and a restaurant. Guests praise the excellent location, good food, and friendly service.

Apollon Hotel

Apollon Hotel is located right on the beach in Ancient Epidaurus. It offers free Wi-Fi, a restaurant, and a bar. Guests have access to free sunbeds and enjoy the quiet and cleanliness of the hotel.

Aktis Hotel

Aktis Hotel offers rooms with sea views and has a restaurant and bar. Guests appreciate the location and the amenities in relation to the price.

These hotel options provide a comfortable and pleasant stay near Epidaurus, allowing visitors to enjoy the archaeological site and performances at the Ancient Theatre with ease.

 

Reviews of the Theatre of Epidaurus

The Theatre of Epidaurus is one of the most famous archaeological sites in Greece, attracting numerous visitors every year. Reviews of the theatre are particularly positive, with many visitors praising its architecture, acoustics, and overall atmosphere.

Detailed Reviews

Excellent Acoustics

Many visitors mention that the theatre’s acoustics are truly outstanding. Regardless of their seating position, they could hear the actors clearly without microphones. This experience is considered unique and unforgettable.

Well-Preserved

The theatre is considered one of the best-preserved ancient theatres in the world. Visitors appreciate the excellent condition of the theatre and the ability to walk around the site and explore its architectural details.

Magical Atmosphere

Many visitors describe their experience at the theatre as magical, especially during performances of ancient drama. The theatre’s atmosphere, combined with the natural surroundings, creates an unparalleled experience.

Historical Significance

The historical significance of the theatre is recognized by all visitors. Many feel awe when standing in a place that has been used for theatrical performances since the 4th century BC.

 

Opening Hours of the Theatre of Epidaurus

Here are the theatre’s opening hours.

Opening Hours

• April – October: Monday to Sunday, 08:00 – 19:00
• November – March: Monday to Sunday, 08:00 – 17:00

 

Tickets for Performances at Epidaurus

The Theatre of Epidaurus hosts ancient drama performances every summer as part of the Athens and Epidaurus Festival. Here is detailed information about concert tickets and what to consider when purchasing them.

Ticket Prices

Ticket prices vary depending on seating location:

• Central Seats (Front Rows): €40 – €80
• Middle Seats: €30 – €50
• Back Seats: €20 – €30

The central seats offer the best view and acoustics, while the back seats are more economical but still provide a good experience due to the theatre’s excellent acoustics.

How to Purchase Tickets

Online:

• You can purchase tickets through the official Athens and Epidaurus Festival website.
• Other reliable platforms such as Ticketservices and Public also offer tickets.

At Sales Points:

Tickets are also sold at Piraeus 260, the main box offices of the Festival at Syntagma Square, and the box offices of the Odeon of Herodes Atticus.
Box office hours are Monday to Friday, 10:00 – 18:00.

By Phone:

You can make a phone reservation at +30 2118008181 from Monday to Friday, 10:00 – 18:00.

Money-Saving Tips

• Early Booking: Book early to secure the best seats and prices.
• Discounts: Discounts are available for students, people over 65, unemployed individuals, and large families. Make sure to have the necessary documents to confirm your eligibility for a discount.
• Group Tickets: Special prices are available for group bookings of more than 20 people.

These details will help you plan your visit and enjoy a unique theatrical experience at the historic Theatre of Epidaurus.

 

Guided Tour of the Archaeological Site of Epidaurus

Epidaurus, known for its ancient theatre and the sanctuary of Asclepius, is one of Greece’s most significant archaeological sites. Two popular tours from Athens include visits to Epidaurus, offering visitors a comprehensive view of ancient Greek history and culture.

Mycenae and Epidaurus Day Trip from Athens

This tour includes visits to Mycenae, Nafplio, and Epidaurus. The trip starts with a stop at the Corinth Canal, followed by a tour of the archaeological site of Mycenae. Next, visitors have the opportunity to explore Nafplio and enjoy their lunch there. The tour concludes with a visit to the ancient theatre of Epidaurus. Reviews mention excellent organization and guiding, with a strong emphasis on the historical significance of the locations​​.

 

From Athens: Bus Trip to Mycenae, Epidaurus & Nafplio

This full-day tour also includes stops at Mycenae, Epidaurus, and Nafplio. Visitors can explore the archaeological museum of Mycenae and visit Nafplio, where they can choose to have lunch or explore the city. The visit to the ancient theatre of Epidaurus is the highlight of the trip, with the tour focusing on the theatre’s acoustics and architecture.

 

Tour Information

• Duration: Both tours last approximately 10-12 hours.
• Cost: Prices range from €50 to €100, depending on the package and amenities.
• Starting Point: Tours depart from Athens, with pickup from specific locations or hotels.
• Included: Transportation by air-conditioned bus, professional guides, and entry fees to the archaeological sites (unless otherwise stated).

Visitor Tips

• Bookings: It is recommended to book in advance to secure a spot.
• Comfortable Clothing and Shoes: The site requires a significant amount of walking.
• Water and Snacks: Make sure to bring some, especially during the summer months.

These tours offer a comprehensive experience, combining visits to historical monuments with the enjoyment of Greek landscapes and culture.

 

Thermal Springs in Epidaurus

The thermal springs in Epidaurus have been known since antiquity for their therapeutic properties. They were part of the sanctuary of Asclepius, the god of medicine, and were used as part of the healing process applied to patients.

Historical Significance

In Epidaurus, the sanctuary of Asclepius included various structures dedicated to healing, such as baths, hospitals, and temples. The thermal springs were particularly important because they were believed to have purifying properties, helping to detoxify the body and prepare patients for contact with the god through dreams. Patients spent the night in the “Abaton,” where they believed Asclepius would appear in their dreams to heal them​ (World History Encyclopedia)​​ (World Heritage Journeys)​.

Function and Technical Details

The thermal springs were part of an overall therapeutic process that included not only baths but also diet, exercise, and surgical procedures. The physicians of the time recorded the treatments and outcomes, contributing to the development of a body of knowledge that is recognized as an early form of scientific medicine.

Current Status

Today, the thermal springs of Epidaurus are not as well-known as other archaeological sites, such as the theatre, but they remain an interesting point for visitors interested in the history of medicine and healing practices in ancient Greece. The thermal springs are located near the archaeological site and are easily accessible from the main entrance.

 

Restaurants in Epidaurus

Epidaurus offers many dining options to suit various preferences. Here are some of the top restaurants in the area based on reviews and visitor ratings.

Mouria Restaurant

Mouria is located near the beach and offers excellent views of the sea and mountains. The restaurant is known for its traditional Greek cuisine and generous portions. Reviews praise the friendly staff and beautiful atmosphere with tables under trees and vines. However, some visitors note that service can be slow during the day.

Ta Klimata

Ta Klimata is a family-run restaurant offering Mediterranean and Greek cuisine. Located near the Ancient Theatre of Epidaurus, visitors appreciate the authentic Greek hospitality and fresh flavors. The restaurant is praised for its homemade dishes, such as rooster with pasta and oven-baked lamb.

Taverna Leonidas

Taverna Leonidas offers a traditional Greek experience with dishes made from local products. Visitors enjoy classic Greek dishes such as Greek salad, moussaka, and fish. The environment is warm and welcoming, with good service.

Poseidon

Poseidon is known for its fresh seafood and sea views. Visitors praise the quality of the dishes and the friendly service. Popular dishes include fresh fish, shrimp saganaki, and calamari.

Saronis

Saronis offers a unique culinary experience with an emphasis on local cuisine. The restaurant is known for its cleanliness and well-presented dishes. Favorite dishes include grilled octopus and local meats.

Visitor Recommendations

Visitors recommend trying the traditional Greek dishes at each restaurant and enjoying the warm hospitality of the area. It is also advised to make reservations in advance during the summer months to ensure a table, especially at popular restaurants.

 

Architecture of the Theatre of Epidaurus

The Theatre of Epidaurus, designed by Polykleitos the Younger in the 4th century BC, is renowned for its exceptional acoustics and harmonious construction. Located in the Argolis region.

Architectural Features

Circular Design and Construction:

The theatre has a circular auditorium (cavea) with a diameter of about 119 meters. It is divided into two sections, the lower with 34 rows and the upper with 21 rows of seats.

Acoustics:

The theatre’s outstanding acoustics allow spectators to hear every word from the stage clearly, regardless of their seating position. This is achieved through the careful design of the seats and the slope of the auditorium.

Stage and Orchestra:

The orchestra is circular with a diameter of 20 meters and serves as the main performance area. The stage (skene) was initially wooden but later replaced with a stone structure.

Technical Details

Construction Materials:

The theatre is primarily made of limestone, which helps absorb sound and enhance acoustics.

Capacity:

The theatre can accommodate approximately 14,000 spectators, making it one of the largest ancient theatres.

Reviews and Evaluations

Visitors praise the theatre for its architectural perfection and acoustics, considering it one of the most impressive experiences. It is recommended to visit during ancient drama performances to fully experience the theatre’s dynamics.

• Address: Archaeological Site of Epidaurus, Argolis, Greece.
• Entrance Fee: Approximately €12, with discounts for students and seniors.

 

Mythology of Epidaurus

Epidaurus is known not only for its architectural achievements, such as the ancient theatre, but also for the rich mythology that surrounds it. It is a significant center for the worship of Asclepius, the god of medicine.

Asclepius

According to mythology, Asclepius was the son of Apollo and the mortal Coronis. He was renowned for his skills in healing illnesses and injuries. His mother died before giving birth, and Apollo took the child from her womb and entrusted him to the centaur Chiron, who raised him and taught him the arts of medicine. Asclepius became so skilled that he could even bring the dead back to life. This angered Zeus, who killed him with a thunderbolt to restore the balance between mortals and immortals.

The Sanctuary of Asclepius

The sanctuary of Asclepius in Epidaurus was one of the most important healing centers in antiquity. Patients visited the sanctuary to receive treatment through “incubation” or “sacred sleep.” They slept in the “Abaton,” a sacred space where they believed Asclepius would appear in their dreams and heal them. Treatments also included other practices such as baths in thermal springs, diet, exercise, and the use of medicinal plants.

The Theatre of Epidaurus

The construction of the Theatre of Epidaurus, considered one of the best-preserved ancient theatres, is also connected to Asclepius. It was built in the 4th century BC and was used for the entertainment of patients and visitors to the sanctuary. The theatre is famous for its exceptional acoustics and its capacity to accommodate up to 14,000 spectators.

The History of Epidaurus

Epidaurus is also associated with other mythological figures and events. According to mythology, Hippolytus, the son of Theseus and the Amazon Hippolyta, was born here. Additionally, the area is considered to have hosted significant events in ancient Greek history and mythology.

 

Artists Who Have Performed at Epidaurus

The ancient theatre of Epidaurus has hosted many famous artists from around the world, contributing to its international reputation as a top cultural center. Performances at this theatre are part of the Athens and Epidaurus Festival, one of the most renowned performing arts festivals in Greece.

Athens and Epidaurus Festival

The Athens and Epidaurus Festival is held every summer and includes theatre performances, opera, classical music, and dance. Artists such as Luciano Pavarotti, Kevin Spacey, and Ethan Hawke have participated. The festival’s program includes performances at the ancient theatre of Epidaurus as well as other venues, such as the Odeon of Herodes Atticus in Athens.

Famous Performances

Significant performances hosted at Epidaurus include works of ancient Greek tragedy and comedy by Sophocles, Euripides, and Aristophanes. The theatre’s exceptional acoustics allow spectators to hear every word, regardless of where they sit. This acoustic property has earned admiration and recognition from both artists and audiences.

Notable Artists

• Luciano Pavarotti: The famous Italian tenor has sung at Epidaurus, providing unforgettable moments of classical music.
• Kevin Spacey: The renowned American actor appeared as Richard III in an impressive production of Shakespeare’s play.
• Ethan Hawke: The well-known actor has performed in ancient drama plays, impressing audiences.

These artists have contributed to the rich history and cultural significance of the ancient theatre of Epidaurus, making it a prestigious venue for performances.

 

Medicine and the Asclepeion of Epidaurus

The Asclepeion of Epidaurus was one of the most important healing centers of antiquity, dedicated to Asclepius, the god of medicine. It combined religious beliefs with therapeutic practices, attracting patients from all over the ancient Greek world.

The Sanctuary of Asclepius

The sanctuary included various structures dedicated to healing, such as baths, temples, and sleeping quarters known as “Abaton.” Patients visited the Asclepeion to undergo treatments that involved a combination of rituals and medical practices.

Healing Practices

• Incubation: The primary healing method was incubation or “sacred sleep.” Patients slept in the Abaton, where they believed Asclepius would appear in their dreams to provide healing.
• Hydrotherapy: Use of thermal springs and baths for purification and healing.
• Diet and Exercise: Emphasis on a healthy diet and physical exercise as part of the therapeutic regimen.
• Medicinal Herbs: Use of various plants and herbs for their healing properties.

Historical Significance

The Asclepeion of Epidaurus represents an early form of holistic medicine, integrating physical, psychological, and spiritual healing. It contributed significantly to the development of medical knowledge and practices in the ancient world.

 

Ancient Theatres in Greece

Ancient theatres in Greece are one of the most significant and impressive parts of ancient Greek cultural heritage. Built to host theatrical performances, these theatres are famous for their architecture and acoustics. Here is an overview of some of the most well-known ancient theatres in Greece:

Theatre of Epidaurus

The Theatre of Epidaurus is perhaps the most famous ancient theatre in Greece. Built in the 4th century BC, the theatre is known for its exceptional acoustics and harmonious architecture. It can accommodate about 14,000 spectators and is still used for ancient drama performances during the Epidaurus Festival in summer.

• Address: Archaeological Site of Epidaurus, Argolis, Greece
• Entrance Fee: Approximately €12, with discounts for students and seniors
• Travel Time from Athens: Approximately 2 hours by car

Theatre of Dionysus

The Theatre of Dionysus in Athens is one of the oldest theatres in the world, built in the 6th century BC. Located on the southern slope of the Acropolis, the theatre was dedicated to the god Dionysus and hosted the Dionysia, significant religious and theatrical festivals of ancient Athens.

• Address: 25 Mitseon Street, Athens 105 58, Greece
• Entrance Fee: Included in the Acropolis ticket, which costs about €20

Odeon of Herodes Atticus

The Odeon of Herodes Atticus, also known as Herodeon, is located on the Acropolis of Athens and was built in the 2nd century AD by the Roman Herodes Atticus. It is still used today for concerts and performances, mainly during the Athens Festival.

• Address: South Slope of the Acropolis, Athens, Greece
• Entrance Fee: Included in the Acropolis ticket

Theatre of Dodona

The Theatre of Dodona, built in the 3rd century BC, is known for its architecture and its significant place in ancient Greek religion, as it is located in the sacred precinct of Zeus and Dione. The theatre is used today for cultural events.

• Address: Archaeological Site of Dodona, Ioannina, Greece
• Entrance Fee: Approximately €8

Theatre of Philippi

The Theatre of Philippi, built in the 4th century BC by King Philip II of Macedonia, is known for its contribution to the history of ancient Macedonia. The theatre today hosts the Philippi Festival, which features various cultural events and performances.

• Address: Archaeological Site of Philippi, Krinides, Kavala, Greece
• Entrance Fee: Approximately €6

These ancient theatres offer a unique insight into ancient Greek culture and architecture, providing visitors the opportunity to explore the history and art of ancient Greece.